Indus valley civilization is also known as Harappan civilisation or Bronze age civilisation. There is no doubt in saying that history of India starts with the birth of Harappa civilization or Indus valley civilization. This civilization was found in the Indus river as well as in Ghaggar-Hakra river basins, that’s why we can also called it Ghaggar-Hakra civilization. Here, we will discuss some important findings of Indus Valley Civilization.
Major sites of the civilization are :-
- Harappa
- Mohenjodaro
- Lothal
- Kalibangan
- Rakhigarhi
- Dholavira
- Ropar
- Chanhudaro
- Surkotada
- Rangpur
- Alamgirpur
- Sutkagendor
- Manda
- Daimabad
- Metathal
Findings of Indus valley civilization are as :-
| Harappa | a) 6 granaries in each of the two rows b) Cemetery – H c) Cemetery – R37 d) Coffin burials (only founded in Harappa) e) Clay figure of mother goddess |
| Mohenjodaro also called as Mound of dead | a) Great bath b) Great granary c) Seal of Pashupati Mahadeva (Shiva) surrounded by buffalo, rhino, elephant, tiger and 2 deers. d) Unicorn seals e) Bronze statue of dancing girl f) Steatite statue of beard man |
| Kalibangan | a) Fire altars b) Ploughed/Furrowed fields c) Wooden plough d) Camel bones e) Evidence of earthquake |
| Lothal | a) Dockyard b) Terracotta Ship c) Rice husk d) First manmade port e) Proof of playing chess |
| Dholavira | a) Town in 03 parts i.e here we also found middle town b) Advanced water management system c) Water reservoir d) Big stadium e) An inscripton with 10 big letters |
| Chanhudaro | a) City without Citadel b) Bead makers shop c) Bangle factory d) Footprint of dog chasing a cat |
| Rangpur | a) Evidence of Rice |
| Banwali | a) Evidence of Barley b) Terracotta replica of a plough |
| Surkotada | Bones of horses |
| Sutkagendor | A trade point between Harappa and Babylon |
| Amri | Antelope’s evidence |
Note :- In Dholavira, we are getting things which are opposite of other cities or which is opposite of normal trend at other sites of Indus valley civilization. For eg. only site having middle town, big stadium, big letters, big reservoir etc.
Note :- Trick of animals surrounding Pashupati Mahadeva is BRET (Buffalo, Rhino, Elephant, Tiger)
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