Important articles of Indian Constitution

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The Constitution of India is the longest Constitution in the world. Constitution day is celebrated on 26th November every year. It had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules at the time of its commencement. Now the Constitution of India has 448 articles in 25 parts and 12 schedules. Also, more than 100 amendments are already done in the Indian Constitution. In most of the competitive exams, questions are always asked from this topic i.e important articles of the Indian Constitution.

List of the most important articles of the Indian Constitution :-

  • Article 1 :- Name and territory of the Union.
  • Article  3 :- Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states.
  • Article 13 :- Law inconsistent with or in derogation of the Fundamental rights.
  • Article 14 :- Equality before the law.
  • Article 15 :– Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
  • Article 16 :- Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
  • Article 17 :- Abolition of untouchability.
  • Article 19 :- Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.
  • Article 21 :- Protection of life and personal liberty.
  • Article 21A :- Right to elementary education.
  • Article  25 :- Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
  • Article 29 :- Protection of interests of minorities.
  • Article 30 :- Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
  • Article 32 :- Remedies for enforcement of Fundamental Rights including writs
  • Article 40 :- Organisation of village panchayats.
  • Article 44 :- Uniform Civil Code for the citizens
  • Article  50 :- Separation of judiciary from the executive
  • Article 51 :- Promotion of international peace and security
  • Article 51A :- Fundamental Duties
  • Article 52 :- The President of India.
  • Article 61 :- Impeachment of the President.
  • Article 63 :- The Vice-President of India.
  • Article 72 :- Power of President to grant pardons etc; and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases. (Note :- See article 161 also.)
  • Article 74 :- Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President (Note :- See article 163 also.)
  • Article 76 :- Attorney-General of India. (Note :- See article 165 also.)
  • Article 78 :- Duties of the Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc. (Note :- See article 167 also.)
  • Article 79 :- Constitution of Parliament. (Note :- See article 168)
  • Article 80 :- Composition of council of states(Rajya Sabha).
  • Article 81 :- Composition of House of people(Lok Sabha).
  • Article 89 :- Chairman and deputy chairman of council of states.
  • Article 93 :- Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the house of the people.
  • Article 108 :- Joint sitting of both houses in certain cases.
  • Article 110 :- Definition of Money Bills.
  • Article 111 :- Assent to bills.
  • Article 112 :- Annual Financial Statement (Budget)
  • Article 123 :- Power of President to promulgate ordinances during recess of Parliament.
  • Article 143 :- Power of President to consult Supreme Court. (Short trick :- President loves Supreme Court or President say 143 to Supreme Court.)
  • Article 148 :- Comptroller and Auditor-General of India(CAG).
  • Article 155 :- Appointment of the Governor.
  • Article 161 :- Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases (Short trick :- article 72+89)
  • Article 163 :- Council of Ministers to aid and advise the Governor (Short trick :- article 74+89)
  • Article 165 :-Advocate-General of the state (Short trick :– article 76+89)
  • Article 167 :- Duties of Chief Minister with regard to the furnishing of information to the Governor, etc. (Short trick :– 78+89)
  • Article 168 :- Constitution of Legislatures in the states (Short trick :- article 79+89)
  • Article  169 :- Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in the states (Short trick :- article 80+89)
  • Article 170 :- Composition of Legislative Assemblies in the states (Short trick :- article 81+89)
  • Article 171 :- Composition of Legislative Councils in the states
  • Article 178 :- Speakers and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly (Short trick :- article 89+89)
  • Article 182 :- Chairman and Deputy chairman of legislative council. (Short trick :- article 93+89)
  • Article 200 :- Assent to bills by the governor (including reservation for President){ Short trick :- article 111+89)
  • Article 202 :-Annual financial statement of the State Legislature (Short trick :- article 112+90)
  • Article 213 :- Power of governor to promulgate ordinances during recess of the State Legislature (Short trick :- article 123+90)
  • Article 214 :- High courts for the states
  • Article 226 :- Power of high courts to issue certain writs
  • Article 239AA :- Special provisions with respect to Delhi
  • Article 243B :- Constitution of Panchayats
  • Article 249 :-Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest
  • Article 262 :- Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-state rivers or river valleys
  • Article 263 :- Provisions with respect to an inter-state council
  • Article 266 :- Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of other states.
  • Article 267 :- Contingency fund.
  • Article 279A :- Goods and Service tax council.
  • Article 280 :- Finance Commission
  • Article 300A :- Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law (Right to property)
  • Article 312 :- All-India Services
  • Article 315 :- Public Service Commission for the Union and for the states.
  • Article 323A :- Administrative Tribunals.
  • Article 324 :- Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission.
  • Article 330 :- Reservation of seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the House of the People
  • Article 331 :- Representation of Anglo-Indian community in the House of the people.(abolished by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019.)
  • Article 332 :- Reservation of seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the legislative assemblies of the states.
  • Article 326 :- Elections to the house of people and to the legislative assemblies of states to be on the basis of adult suffrage.
  • Article 338 :- National commission for Scheduled castes.
  • Article 338A :- National commission for Scheduled tribes.
  • Article 338B :- National commission for Backward classes.
  • Article 343 :- Official language of the Union.
  • Article 352 :- Proclamation of Emergency (National Emergency)
  • Article 356 :- Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in states (President’s Rule)
  • Article 360 :- Provisions as to Financial Emergency.
  • Article 365 :- Effect of failure to comply with or to give effect to, directions given by the Union (President’s Rule)
  • Article 368 :- Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor
  • Article 370 :- Temporary provisions with respect to the state of Jammu and Kashmir (some provisions repealed).
  • Article 371 :- Special provision with respect to the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat.
  • Article 371A :- Special provision with respect to the state of Nagaland.
  • Article 371B :- Special provision with respect to the state of Assam.
  • Article 371C :- Special provision with respect to the state of Manipur.
  • Article 371D :- Special provision with respect to the state of Andhra Pradesh or the state of Telangana.
  • Article 371E :- Establishment of central university in Andhra Pradesh.
  • Article 371F :- Special provision with respect to the state of Sikkim.
  • Article 371G :- Special provision with respect to the states of Mizoram.
  • Article 371H :- Special provision with respect to the state of Arunachal Pradesh.
  • Article 371I :- Special provision with respect to the state of Goa.
  • Article 371J :- Special provision with respect to the state of Karnataka.

Short tricks to learn articles :- Upto article 200, add 89 in the articles to get the corresponding articles in state government as you see above. While after article 200, add 90 in the articles to get the corresponding articles.

Trick to remeber article 371-A to 371-J :- 

(NAM) (AE) (SMAGK)

  1. N :- Nagaland
  2. A :- Assam
  3. M :- Manipur
  4. A :- Andhra Pradesh
  5. E :- Establishment of central university in Andhra Pradesh
  6. S :- Sikkim
  7. M :- Mizoram
  8. A :- Arunachal Pradesh
  9. G :- Goa
  10. K :- Karnataka

Attempt the questions and check your progress with the answer sheet given below and do let us know your score in the comments section :-

Question (A) : Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the abolition of untouchability ?

  1.  Article 15
  2.  Article 17
  3.  Article 19
  4.  Article 21

Question (B) : Which article of the Indian Constitution has provisions regarding Financial emergency?

  1.  Article 352
  2.  Article 360
  3.  Article 224
  4.  Article 324

Question (C) : Which article of the Indian Constitution has provisions regarding national commission for Schedule Castes?

  1.  Article 330
  2.  Article 331
  3.  Article 338
  4.  Article 338A

Question (D) : Which article of the Indian Constitution has provisions regarding national commission for Schedule Tribes?

  1.  Article 330
  2.  Article 331
  3.  Article 338
  4.  Article 338A

Question (E) : Which article of the Indian Constitution has provisions regarding impeachment of President ?

  1.  Article 51
  2.  Article 32
  3.  Article 61
  4.  Article 52

Question (F) : Which articles of the Indian Constitution has provisions regarding Money bill and budget respectively ?

  1.  Article 108, 110
  2.  Article 110, 112
  3.  Article 112, 110
  4.  Article 111, 112

Question (G) : Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the provision of equality before the law ?

  1.  Article 15
  2.  Article 31
  3.  Article 14
  4.  Article 13

Question (H) : Which article of the Indian Constitution has mention of special provisions with respect to the state of Assam ?

  1.  Article 371-A
  2.  Article 371-B
  3.  Article 371-C
  4.  Article 371-D

Question (I) : Which article of the Indian Constitution has mention about Fundamental duties?

  1.  Article 52
  2.  Article 51
  3.  Article 51A
  4.  Article 44

Question (J) : Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the reservation of seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the House of the People(Lok Sabha) ?

  1.  Article 330
  2.  Article 312
  3.  Article 280
  4.  Article 324

 

Question (K) : Which article of the Indian Constitution talks about unifrom civil code ?

  1.  Article 40
  2.  Article 44
  3.  Article 50
  4.  Article 51

Question (L) : How many parts, articles and Schedules was there in the original Indian Constitution?

  1.  22 Parts, 390 Articles and 8 Schedules 
  2.  24 Parts, 450 Articles and 12 Schedules 
  3.  24 Parts, 425 Articles and 12 Schedules 
  4.  22 Parts, 395 Articles and 8 Schedules                                          Jharkhand P.C.S(Pre) 2016

Question : M) Match list – I with list – II and identify correct answer using the code given below the list :

                                  List-I                                                                  List – II         

  1.     Article 14                                                            i)   Amendment procedure
  2.     Article 36                                                           ii)   Council of Ministers
  3.     Article 74                                                           iii)   Right to equality
  4.     Article 368                                                         iv)   Directive Principles

Code :

              A       B       C       D

  1.   ii)      i)      iv)      iii)
  2.   iv)     i)      iii)      ii)
  3.   i)       ii)     iii)      iv)
  4.   iii)     iv)     ii)      i)                                                       U.P.P.C.S(Pre) 2010

Question (N) : Which article of the Indian Constitution provides right to vote i.e adult suffrage for electing representatives of Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha ?

  1.  Article 326
  2.  Article 325
  3.  Article 324
  4.  Article 323

Question : O) Which one of the following is not correctly matched ?

Article of the Indian Constitution                                             Related State       

  1.     Article 371 A                                                        i)  Nagaland
  2.     Article 371 B                                                       ii)   Assam
  3.     Article 371 C                                                       iii)   Meghalaya
  4.     Article 371 D                                                      iv)   Andhra Pradesh                                             M.P.PC.S(Pre) 2018

Answer A) :-  2 (Article 17)

Answer (B) :-  2 (Article 360)

Answer (C) :- 3 (Article 338)

Answer (D) :- 4 (Article 338A)

 Answer (E) :- 3 (Article 61)

Answer (F):- 2 (Article 110, 112)

Answer (G) :-  3 (Article 14)

Answer (H) :- 2 (Article 371-B)

Answer (I) :- 3 (Article 51A)

 Answer (J) :- 1 (Article 330)

Answer (K) :-  2 (Article 44)

Answer (L) :-  4 (22 Parts, 395 Articles and 8 Schedules

Answer (M) :-  4

Answer (N) :- 1 (Article 326)

 Answer (O) :- 3 (Article 371 C deals with special provision of Manipur.)

Read about 12 Schedules of Indian Constituion by clicking here.

Read about Parts of Indian Constitution by clicking here.